Eye conditions grouped by the part of the eye they affect. Tap a number on the eye, or scroll down to choose a topic. We will add more topics to each group over time.
Sudden loss of vision, a very painful red eye, or an eye injury? This is an emergency. Go to the hospital Emergency Department now.
Cataract
The lens sits behind the coloured part of your eye and focuses light. When it turns cloudy, this is called a cataract.
Glaucoma
The optic nerve carries pictures from your eye to your brain. Glaucoma damages this nerve, often because the pressure inside the eye is too high.
Glaucoma
The "silent thief of sight" that takes side vision first. Find out who should be checked.
GlaucomaAcute Angle-Closure Glaucoma
Sudden severe eye pain, a red eye, blurred vision, headache and vomiting. Eye pressure rises very fast.
Cornea
The cornea is the clear window at the front of your eye, and the conjunctiva is the thin clear skin over the white of the eye. Both must stay healthy for you to see well.
Dry Eye
Gritty, burning or watery eyes? Learn the causes of dry eye and simple treatments that really help.
CorneaDigital Eye Strain
Tired, dry, sore eyes after long hours on screens. Simple habits like the 20-20-20 rule help.
CorneaConjunctivitis (Pink Eye)
Red, watery or sticky eyes from viruses, bacteria or allergy. Most settle on their own; know the red flags.
CorneaPterygium
A fleshy growth from the white of the eye onto the cornea, linked to sun, wind and dust.
CorneaContact Lens Safety
Wear and care for lenses safely: no tap water, no sleeping in them, and act fast on a red eye.
CorneaCorneal Ulcer
An infected sore on the clear window of the eye. Contact lens wearers are most at risk. Needs same-day treatment.
CorneaKeratoconus
The cornea thins into a cone, blurring vision in young people. Cross-linking can stop it worsening.
Retina
The retina is the thin, light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye, like the film in a camera.
Diabetic Retinopathy
Diabetes can damage the back of your eye with no early warning. Yearly screening protects your sight.
RetinaAge-related Macular Degeneration
AMD blurs your central vision after 50. Sudden wavy lines need checking within days.
RetinaHypertensive Retinopathy
High blood pressure can quietly damage the blood vessels in your eyes. Controlling it protects your sight.
RetinaRetinal Detachment
Flashes, new floaters or a curtain over your vision. The retina is peeling away and needs urgent surgery.
RetinaEndophthalmitis
A serious infection inside the eye, most often days after eye surgery or an eye injection.
Neuro-ophthalmology
Problems with the nerves and brain pathways that control vision, eye movements, the pupils and the eyelids.
Ptosis (Droopy Eyelid)
A drooping upper eyelid. Usually due to age, but sometimes a sign of a nerve problem that needs urgent care.
NervesBell's Palsy and Your Eye
Sudden one-sided face weakness can stop the eye closing. Rule out stroke, start treatment early, protect the eye.
NervesEye Nerve Palsies (3rd, 4th, 6th)
Sudden double vision can mean an eye nerve has stopped working. Know when it is an emergency.
Oculoplastics and Orbital Disease
The eyelids, tear ducts and eye socket (orbit) protect the eye and keep it moist.
Blepharitis
Sore, gritty, crusty eyelids? Daily warm compresses and lid cleaning keep this long-term condition under control.
EyelidsStye and Chalazion
Painful red or firm painless eyelid lumps. Most settle with warm compresses, so never squeeze them.
EyelidsEctropion and Entropion
When the eyelid turns outward (ectropion) or inward (entropion), causing watering, redness and irritation.
OrbitThyroid Eye Disease
Bulging, red, gritty eyes or double vision with thyroid problems. Stopping smoking helps; faded vision is urgent.
Uveitis
The uvea is the middle layer of the eye, including the coloured iris. Uveitis is inflammation (swelling) of this layer.
Paediatric
Children's eyes are still developing. Problems caught early, before about age 7, are much easier to treat.
Myopia in Children
Far things look blurry. Often starts at school age. Time outdoors and myopia control can slow it down.
ChildrenAmblyopia (Lazy Eye)
Weak vision in one eye that often shows no signs. Early glasses, patching or drops work best before 7β8.
ChildrenSquint in Children
When the eyes do not point the same way. Early treatment helps prevent a "lazy eye".
ChildrenRetinoblastoma
A rare eye cancer in young children. A white pupil in flash photos needs an eye check within days.
Eye Injuries
The eye can be hurt by a blow, something sharp, or chemicals. Every eye injury needs to be checked at the Emergency Department.
This page is for general education and does not replace advice from your own doctor.